The
4th violin concerto, for instance, is an integration of the 1st and
2nd violin concerto, the 5th violin concerto is an integration from
the 1st and 3rd, the 6th violin concerto is an integration from the
2nd and 3rd, and the 7th violin concerto is an integration from the
1st, 2nd and 3rd violin concerto.
From
the 2nd violin concerto onwards there is also a respective fugue in
up to seven parts, which is played by the orchestra.
CLASSIC-Life:
Which violin concerto do you yourself like best?
PETER
HUEBNER:
From my point of view, each of these violin concertos has of course
its very own value. From a musical theoretical aspect, the first 3 violin
concertos are surely the simplest starting with the first. But
for the start, I find the 3rd violin concerto the most attractive. But
here, even my friends differ in their opinions.
From
the 4th violin concerto on, recording wasnt easy, due to the contrapuntal
use of the different violin concertos, as the orchestra wasnt
to be pushed too far into the background after all, besides many
further motifs and themes, it was continuously playing a fugue in seven
parts and the solo violins and/or the solo viola had to be clearly
audible, were to stand out from each other tonally, and merge again,
and were, above all, to harmonise with each other in the continuity
of the complex of themes.
As
is well known, the means for a stereo version on CD are limited
even if we already use Dynamic Space Stereophony.
CLASSIC-Life:
So, to start off with, you would recommend the 3rd violin concerto?
PETER
HUEBNER:
Personally, yes, I would, but I know others who recommend a different
order. A friend, for example, regularly listens to the 7th. For me this
is extraordinary, because he isnt a music expert. From my point
of view, I would have thought that the contrapuntal use in the concerto
would only be most interesting for a music expert.
But the musical complexity and the counterpoint obviously have a strong
effect on the subconscious.
CLASSIC-Life: Could you say something about
your solo violin that Magic Violin, as the label
calls it?
PETER HUEBNER: Yes, I can tell you a few
things. I had and have a number of violin sounds in digital form at
my disposal natural, artificial and mixed. I wasnt looking
for a violin which is a copy of the usual violin, but rather the convincing
performance of music through a sound which is fundamen-tally related
to that of the violin. That applies for one in a certain extent to the
range and also to the process of swinging in as well as the overwave
spectrum.
However,
I neither wanted any scratching nor the feeling that you could hear
some sort of wood. I also wanted a strong sound which, not only as far
as volume goes, but also its over wave spectrum, could assert itself
with an individual musical statement within the polyphony of the orchestra
sound.
And I think, all in all I was lucky. In the beginning you might miss
that sound quality in this violin which you believe to hear in a conventional
wooden violin, but once you have got used to the sound, listening at
a later stage to a conventional piece of music on a wooden violin, it
sounds subjectively more like a fiddle, and in comparison seems weak
and less convincing.
When choosing an instrument and/or its sound, I am mainly concerned
with the individual living multi-layered powers of persuasion.
I
think it is worthwhile to listen and to get to know all seven violin
concertos step by step, as they conceal a compositional-musical development
which is only gradually revealed..
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In
1880,
for instance, Joseph Hellmesberger, the famous Viennese violinist,
teacher of Fritz Kreisler and Franz Kneisel, declared that the
violin concerto of Johannes Brahms was written not for
but against the violin, and he predicted, that it would
speedily be consigned to oblivion.
That
same year when Joachim introduced the work to Berlin, all the
principal critics damned it unmercifully and the consequen-ces
of that fiasco were that for the next decade, the major Symphony
Orchestras of Europe when engaging Joachim as soloist, did so
with the stipulation that he must not play the Brahms concerto.
In 1953
the conductor Eugene Ormandy states:
With my audiences and all the violinists who play under
me, the Brahms is now the most popular of all violin concertos,
not excepting the Beethoven.
Johannes
Brahms
I
will not find my true place in musical history until at least
half a century after I am gone. Bach died in 1750 and he was
completely forgotten until Mendelssohn revived him, more than
seventyfive years later. And it was more than a hundred years
after his death that Joachim succeeded in popu-larizing his
monumental works for violin alone.
Also
the stupendous Beethoven violin concerto was neglected for fully
fifty years after his death until Joachim revealed its wonders
to the musical world. No composition in our day has been more
reviled than my own violin concerto; Joachim and I brought it
out at the Gewandhaus sixteen years ago, and still the music
societies, when they engage Joachim as soloist, do so with the
stipulation that he must not play my concerto. I have put new
vine into old bottles and the Philistines cannot forgive me
for that. I know that the violin con-certo will find its real
place, but it will at least take five decades, and it is much
the same with my symphonies, piano concertos and many other
works.
Brahms
Brahms
has been dead ten years but he still has many detractors, even
among the best musicians and critics. I predict, however, that
as time goes on, he will be more and more appreciated, while
most of my works will be more and more neglected. Fifty years
hence, he will loom up as one of the supremely great composers
of all time, while I will be remembered chiefly for having written
my G minor violin concerto.
Brahms was a far greater composer than I am for various reasons.
First of all he was much more original. He always went his own
way. He cared not at all about the public reaction or what the
critics wrote. The great fiasco of his D minor piano concerto
would have discouraged most composers. Not Brahms! Furthermore,
the vituperation heaped upon him after Joachim introduced his
violin concerto at the Leipzig Gewandhaus in 1880 would have
crushed me.
Another factor which militated against me was economic necessity.
I had a wife and children to support and educate. I was compelled
to earn money with my compoitions.
Therefore, I had to write works that were pleasing and easily
under- stood. I never wrote down to the public; my artistic
conscience would not permit me to do that. I always composed
good music but it was music that sold readily.
There was never anything to quarrel about in my music as there
was that in Brahms. I never outraged the critics by those wonderful,
conflicting rhythms, which are so characteristic of Brahms.
Nor would I have dared to leave out sequences of steps in progressing
from one key to another, which often makes Brahms modulations
so bold and startling. Neither did I venture to paint in such
dark colours, à la Rembrandt, as he did.
All this, and much more, militated against Brahms in his own
day, but these very attributes will contribute to his stature
fifty years from now, because they proclaim him a composer of
marked originality. I consider Brahms one of the greatest personalities
in the entire annals of music.
Max
Bruch
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